Nor does he expect the RBA board will need to lift the cash rate by 75 basis points in one go, as seen recently seen in the United States where it is battling an even steeper rise in inflation.

Addressing an event in Sydney on Tuesday, Dr Lowe said the Australian economy has a lot of positives going for it – low unemployment, strong household budgets and the highest terms of trade ever.

“So we don’t see a recession on the horizon,” he said in answer to a question after delivering a speech to American Chamber of Commerce in Australia.

“But if the last two years has taught us anything, you can’t rule anything out.”

On the magnitude of monthly interest rate increases, he said the board discussed the options of 25 or 50 basis points at the June meeting, choosing the latter in the face of a bigger rise in inflation than earlier predicted.

“I would expect we will have the same discussion again at the next meeting (in July),” Lowe said.

In his speech, he said the RBA board is committed to doing what is necessary to ensure inflation returns to the two to three per cent target and households should be prepared for further interest rate rises.

He said while rising inflation had been driven by global events, increasingly domestic factors were coming into play.

The RBA raised its inflation forecast to a peak of around seven per cent in the December quarter, having earlier predicted a top of six per cent.

“High inflation damages the economy, reduces the purchasing power of people’s incomes and devalues people’s savings,” Dr Lowe said.

The RBA board has raised the cash rate at its past two monthly meetings by a total of 75 basis points, the latter being a 50 basis point increase and the largest rise since February 2000.

Economists are predicting another 50 basis point rise in July, which would take the cash rate to 1.35 per cent.

Financial markets are pricing in a cash rate of four per cent by the end of this year, which Lowe thought was unlikely.

“But the market has been a better judge of where interest have been going than we have over the past couple of years, so you have to pay attention,” he conceded.

Meanwhile, consumer confidence showed a modest improvement in the past week, buoyed by the latest employment figures.

But it remains mired in deep pessimistic territory in the face of rising inflation and interest rates.

The ANZ-Roy Morgan consumer confidence index rose 1.6 per cent to 81.7, a partial recovery from the 7.6 per cent slump a week earlier to its lowest level since April 2020.

“News about the strength of the labour market may have boosted sentiment, but it remains deeply pessimistic,” ANZ head of Australian economic David Plank said.

Last week’s labour force figures showed employment jumped by 60,600 in May, keeping the unemployment rate at a near-50 year low of 3.9 per cent.

However, household inflation expectations jumped 0.3 percentage points to 5.9 per cent as average petrol prices increased over the week.

The Australian Institute of Petroleum said the average for national petrol prices rose 6.5 cents to 205.5 cents per litre in the week to June 19, and closing in on levels prior to fuel excise being cut in March.